Carl Jung.

Born 1875 in Kesswil, Switzerland, into a Protestant minister's household. Trained in medicine at Basel, then in psychiatry at the Burghölzli hospital in Zürich under Eugen Bleuler.

Met Freud in 1907; collaborated intensively until their break across 1912–1914 over the nature of libido and the origin of the unconscious. The years that followed — the so-called confrontation with the unconscious — produced the calligraphic manuscript later published as the Red Book (Liber Novus, posthumous, 2009) and grounded the rest of his work.

Traveled to East Africa, India, North Africa, and among Pueblo communities in New Mexico, all of which fed his comparative method. The C. G. Jung Institute, founded around him in 1948 and now located in Küsnacht, became the postgraduate training home of the Zürich school. Died in Küsnacht in 1961.

Jung's proposition that beneath the personal unconscious — the basement of one's own forgotten and repressed material — there exists a stratum common to the species, organized by archetypes.

The collective unconscious is not a library of inherited contents. It is a set of inherited structures of possibility, which experience then fills.

The process by which a person becomes a psychological individual: distinct, indivisible, whole. The work of a lifetime, not an episode.

Individuation is neither conformity nor rebellion. It is the slow project of locating the center of gravity inside oneself and then living the consequences.

The totality of what the ego has refused. Some genuinely dark; much of it merely incompatible with the persona the ego has constructed.

Met through the recognition of projection. The intensity of one's charge toward another is the most reliable signal of one's own unintegrated material.

The contrasexual inner figure: the feminine within a man's psyche, the masculine within a woman's. In contemporary practice the categories are read more flexibly, but the structural insight — that we carry an interior other whose relationship with the ego is decisive — remains.

The organizing center of the total psyche, distinguished from the ego (the center of consciousness only). The Self is both the goal of individuation and, in another sense, its source.

Symbols of the Self appear cross-culturally as mandalas, divine children, sacred unions, philosophers' stones — images of integrated wholeness.